Explore Peru: What To See and Do Across This Stunning Country

Few countries in the world have as many different ecosystems and climates as Peru. In this relatively small to medium-sized country, Peru is home to 84 of the world's 103 ecosystems and 28 of the 32 climates. From mountains and grasslands to deserts and rainforests, Peru has it all to explore. If you are into hiking, trekking, mountain climbing, or just taking in beautiful natural surroundings, Peru has to be on your list of places to visit.

To go along with Peru's diverse ecosystems and climates, layer on epic historical sites such as Machu Picchu, Sacsayhuamán, and Pisac, all built by the Incas. Going further back in time, before the Incas, other Indigenous peoples of Peru left things behind that we can take in today. For example, aerial views of the Nazca Lines created over 2000 years ago are incredible to see, and the Cerro Sechín ruins built around 1600 BCE are well worth visiting.

Lima, Peru

Peru's capital mixes colonial history, world-class food, and Pacific coastline. Start here for museums, neighborhoods like Barranco, and gateway flights inland.

Diverse and exciting, Lima is a large, crowded, and hectic city, which can present challenges for travelers. It is well worth navigating those inconveniences to experience the cultural, contemporary, and natural attractions the city offers.

For a full guide with photos, food tips, and day-trip ideas, open the Lima destination article linked in the table of contents above.

Cusco Region

The former capital of the Inca Empire is more than a stop on the way to Machu Picchu—think plazas, markets, Rainbow Mountain, and Sacred Valley ruins.

Once the capital of the Incan empire, Cusco blends history with a fresh, contemporary feel. Do not treat it only as a launchpad for Machu Picchu: the city and region reward several days on their own.

See the detailed Cusco guide in the table of contents for neighborhoods, markets, side trips, and practical tips.

Machu Picchu & The Inca Trail

Peru's best-known icon: an ancient Inca citadel set high in the Andes, often reached by train or the classic multi-day Inca Trail trek.

Of all the natural and man-made attractions that draw travelers to Peru, Machu Picchu is among the greatest. It is the jewel at the end of the Inca Trail for many hikers—and unforgettable by train as well.

A dedicated destination guide for Machu Picchu and the Inca Trail is planned; until then, use trusted operators for permits, altitude, and trail regulations.

Nazca and The South Coast

Desert coast, wildlife, beaches, wine country—and the mysterious Nazca Lines best seen from the air.

The Panamerican Highway runs from Lima toward Chile through desert flanked by the Pacific and the Andes. Expect wildlife, adventure activities, beach towns, and the geoglyphs of the Nazca Lines.

Flights over the lines and side trips to cemeteries, dunes, and the Ballestas Islands are classic reasons to slow down in this region.

Peruvian Amazon Rainforest

Huge biodiversity, jungle lodges, river towns like Iquitos, and protected areas such as Manu and Tambopata.

The Amazon rainforest covers almost two-thirds of Peru and hosts an astonishing range of plants and animals. Only a small fraction of Peruvians live in the rainforest, but visitors can reach remote areas by boat or plane.

Gateway cities, lodge stays, and guided wildlife outings are the usual way in; choose reputable operators focused on safety and low-impact travel.

Huaraz & Ancash Region

Cordillera Blanca trekking and climbing, highland markets, prehistoric sites like Cerro Sechín, and dramatic mountain scenery.

North of Lima, travelers come for the Cordillera Blanca—whether for technical climbing, multi-day treks, or dramatic day hikes. Beaches and ancient ruins round out the region.

Acclimatize carefully; many trails sit at very high altitude. Huaraz itself is a practical base with markets and outfitters.

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Explore Peru: What To See and Do Across This Stunning Country

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